Basic · Lesson 3 of 14
IN, LIKE, BETWEEN
Smarter conditions for real text and ranges.
IN for a list
IN checks membership in a list, a much cleaner alternative to a chain of OR conditions.
LIKE for patterns
The % wildcard matches any run of characters and _ matches exactly one. In PostgreSQL LIKE is case-sensitive; use ILIKE when you want case-insensitive matches for interview-style text data.
BETWEEN is inclusive
BETWEEN includes both endpoints. For dates, prefer the half-open form col >= '2024-01-01' AND col < '2024-02-01' to avoid silently dropping the last day.
Examples
Membership with IN
Three countries, one clean clause.
SELECT user_id, country FROM users WHERE country IN ('Nigeria', 'Japan', 'France');
Pattern with LIKE
Any name containing the letter o.
SELECT name FROM users WHERE name LIKE '%o%';
BETWEEN dates
January signups, both ends included.
SELECT user_id, signup_date FROM users WHERE signup_date BETWEEN '2024-01-01' AND '2024-02-01';